AAEP 2026 Collaborative Case Study: Internal Medicine
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ECEIM consensus statement on equine kidney disease
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
The aim of this consensus statement is to summarize and appraise scientific evidence and combine this with the clinical experience of a panel of experts to optimize recommendations on how to recognize and manage kidney disease in horses.
Fever of unknown origin in the horse: a review of 63 cases
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Paper by T. S. Mair, F. G. R. Taylor and P. J. N. Pinsent
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a syndrome characterised by prolonged, unexplained fever associated with non-specific signs of illness such as lethargy, inappetence and weight loss. This paper reviews the details of 63 horses affected by FUO. The cause was found to be infection in 43 per cent of the cases, neoplasia in 22 per cent, immune-mediated diseases in 6.5 per cent and miscellaneous diseases in 19 per cent; the cause remained undiagnosed in 9.5 per cent.
Lawsonia intracellularis infection and proliferative enteropathy in foals
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Paper by Nicola Pusterla and Connie Gebhart
Equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) is a disease of foals caused by the obligate intracellular organism Lawsonia intracellularis. This disease affects mainly weanling foals and causes fever, lethargy, peripheral edema, diarrhea, colic and weight loss. The epidemiology and genetic basis for pathogenesis for this disease is beginning to be elucidated. Phenotypic traits, genomic features, and gene expression profiles during L. intracellularis infection in vitro and in vivo are presented. In addition, this article reviews the epidemiology, pathological and clinicopathological findings, diagnosis, and control of EPE.
Pleuropneumonia in horses
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Paper by Kara M. Lascola, DVM, MS, DACVIM-LA
Pleuropneumonia represents a severe manifestation of bronchopneumonia and is defined as an infection of the lungs that extends to include the pleura and pleural space. Clinical signs of pleuropneumonia are often nonspecific early in the course of disease (fever, general malaise) but warrant further investigation in a horse with a history of recent long-distance transport. Pleurodynia, rapid and shallow respiratory pattern, and signs of a systemic inflammatory response suggest advanced disease. Diagnosis relies on thoracic imaging and identification of a septic process from tracheobronchial aspiration (TBA) or pleurocentesis. Culture and sensitivity of TBA or pleural fluid guide antimicrobial selection for treatment of pleuropneumonia.
Renal failure in horses: What can we do? (Proceedings)
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Paper by Harold C. Schott II, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Although acute renal failure (ARF) remains a relatively uncommon problem in horses, it is a serious disorder that if not properly recognized and treated often has a poor outcome.
Temporohyoid Osteoarthropathy (THO)
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Article by Amy Young, Dr. Monica Aleman, and Dr. Carrie Finno
Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO) is a progressive syndrome that results in bone thickening and fusion of the temporohyoid joint to the skull.
Treatment for THO can include medical and surgical management.
The prognosis for THO depends on the severity of clinical signs and prompt therapeutic intervention.
UC Davis Neurological Examination in the Horse
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Worksheet for a neuro exam
Vestibular disease
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
Paper by Monica Aleman, MVZ Cert, PhD
Key points:
The vestibular system is the primary specialized proprioception system responsible for
maintaining balance (equilibrium) relative to gravity and orientation of the eyes, neck,
trunk, and limbs during rest and movement.
The vestibular system has peripheral and central components.
Most of the clinical signs of vestibular disease are ipsilateral to the side of the lesion.
Common clinical signs of disease include head tilt, pathologic nystagmus, ventrolateral
strabismus, body leaning, moving in tight circles, and ataxia.
Acute profound vestibular signs should not always prompt euthanasia since complete resolution
might be possible depending on cause.
