OphthoXP Supplemental Resources
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Approach to Immune-Mediated Ocular Disease
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
By Kelly E. Knickelbein and Mary E Lassaline
KEY POINTS
-- Presumptive immune-mediated inflammation of the equine cornea and uvea is common; however, a thorough diagnostic approach to identify an underlying cause should not be overlooked in any case.
-- Immune-mediated keratitis unresponsive to medical therapy may be best treated with a therapeutic and diagnostic lamellar keratectomy to reduce the antigen load in the cornea and obtain a definitive diagnosis through histopathology. This surgery should be performed by a veterinarian with advanced microsurgical training.
-- Despite advances in treatment options for recurrent or insidious uveal inflammation in horses, the disease remains a leading cause of vision loss and ocular pain, and a common cause of loss of use and euthanasia.
-- Long-term ophthalmic steroid use is not appropriate in any horse. Alternative treatment approaches that provide long-term control of immune-mediated ocular inflammation should be sought
Corneal Response to Injury and Infection in the Horse
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
By Caryn E. Plummer
KEY POINTS
-- The cornea is the transparent anterior aspect of the fibrous tunic of the eye that is responsible for refraction and protection of the interior ocular structures.
-- Corneal wound healing is a complex process that occurs in a series of interconnected and concurrent steps to reform the integrity of the protective tunic.
-- Corneal wound healing may be associated with the formation of fibrosis, haze, or other opacities that decrease corneal clarity and its refractive function.
-- Clinical signs associated with corneal disease are the direct consequence of the effects of a pathogen (if present) and corneal response to injury or infection.
-- Medical and surgical therapy should be aimed at modulating the natural healing response to decrease the effects of pathogens and host cells on tissue destruction.
Equine recurrent uveitis: The viewpoint from the USA
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
By B. C. Gilger
Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is a common disease in horses in the USA. There have been many advances in the treatment of ERU; however, frequent misdiagnosis of ERU occurs in cases of primary corneal or uveal disease. It is critical to remember that primary uveitis (i.e. one bout of inflammation) is a different disease to ERU, which is an immune mediated recurrent uveitis. Standard symptomatic anti-inflammatory therapy is effective to control most cases of ERU; however, some horses require advanced therapy, such as placement of drug delivery devices or removal of the vitreous, when they fail to respond to the standard therapy.
Prognosis and impact of equine recurrent uveitis
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
By J. C. Gerding and B. C. Gilger
Reasons for performing study: Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is a leading cause of vision loss in horses.
Objectives: To assess the prognosis and impact of ERU on affected horses and their owners by evaluating the signalment, treatment and outcome (including the loss of use, vision assessment and economic loss).
Conclusions: The impact of ERU is attributed to the high frequency of blindness, globe loss and loss of function. Euthanasia and change of ownership are common sequelae to the progressive nature of ERU. These factors, along with financial costs of the disease, have a significant impact on affected horses and their owners
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Periorbital Sarcoid in the Horse: 445 Cases from 1974 to 1999
Open to download resource.
Open to download resource.
By Derek C. Knottenbelt and Donald F. Kelly
Diagnosis and management of periorbital sarcoids in horses is a significant clinical challenge for the practicing veterinary surgeon and pathologist. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of various types of sarcoids to different therapeutic methods.
